Hardware Design

Analysis of 4 Classic Op-Amp Circuits
2026-03-24
A circuit composed of operational amplifiers is referred to as an op-amp circuit. These circuits come in many types and are essential for studying analog electronics and a must-master skill for electronics engineers.
A Brief Introduction to Star Grounding in PCBs
2026-03-24
Conceptually, star grounding involves building an electrical system in which all modules or devices connect to ground at a single point.
Design Experience Sharing for DC-DC and LDO Power Supply Circuits
2026-03-24
The power supply is the foundation of a system, and a well-designed power supply is a prerequisite for stable system operation. In practical projects, the most commonly used power supply structure is an external adapter providing a DC input (5V, 9V, 12V, etc.). Various DC-DC or LDO chips are then used in PCB design to convert the input into the required power rails for the system. Therefore, we mostly deal with DC-DC and LDO power supply circuit design.
Chip bonding: the precise process of combining chip and substrate
2026-03-18
The packaging process is the last process of semiconductor manufacturing, and its sequence is grinding, cutting, pasting, wire bonding and molding. The sequence of these processes can be changed according to the change of packaging technology, and can also be closely related or merged with each other.
Understanding the mysteries of DGND and AGND in depth
2026-03-18
Today's signal processing systems generally need to use mixed-signal devices, such as analog-to-digital converter (ADC), digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and fast signal processor (DSP). In order to process analog signals with wide dynamic range, high-speed and high-performance ADC and DAC signals are more important.
Detailed arrangement of power PCB design points
2026-03-18
Power PCB design is the key link to ensure the efficient and stable operation of electronic equipment.
What problems do we need to consider when drawing PCB?-
2026-03-17
Board-level engineers, especially RF board-level engineers, often have to draw PCB by themselves. So, what should we consider when we start drawing PCB?
The whole process of PCB design for switching power supply
2026-03-17
As a PCB engineer, what should I pay attention to in Lay PCB?